Market Entry Strategy free essay sample

Anna’s Car is one of the top automakers in the United States that is currently planning on selling its new revolutionized Smart Cars to two foreign countries, Japan and Germany. The company believes that the increasing trend of going green and concerns about the environment in Japan and Germany will merge significant profits shortly after entering those two markets. Anna’s Car has evaluated various market entry strategy alternatives and is now hesitating between direct exporting or foreign direct investment for Germany and franchising or joint venture for Japan. Direct Export The main advantage of direct exporting for Anna’s Car is going to be fact that the company will be able to produce Smart Cars in the United States and then sell them to customers in Germany. Anna’s Car would have a great control over the entire export transactions and would gain the freedom as far as deciding which target buyers to approach or who to use to distribute the cars in Germany. We will write a custom essay sample on Market Entry Strategy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There is also potential for higher profits and a better chance to build a closer relationship with the German marketplace and its buyers. However, Anna’s Car will have to devote more time, personnel, and company’s resources to ensure a smooth and successful endeavor. Many internal organizational changes will be necessary in order to support more complex functions. The important step will be to choose the best channels of distribution and make business connections in order to sell Smart Cars. However, before exporting cars into Germany, Anna’s Car will need to go through custom procedures which involves filling out customer declarations. Furthermore, the company will need to ensure it carries a CE (â€Å"Communaute Europeenne† which stands for European Community) marking that â€Å"indicates that the respective party has successfully assessed the goods for compliance with European safety standards which has to be accompanied by a signed Declaration of Conformity (DoC)† (German Business Portal, 2010). Once selling products in Germany, Anna’s Car will have to pay value added tax – VAT – that all entrepreneurs who are engaged in business that is generating income have to pay. Foreign Direct Investment Anna’s Car may also choose an option of self growth through investing in building and establishing branches and manufacturing facilities in Germany, instead of producing cars in the USA. This form of market entry would lead to increase in profits due to the eligibility of tax cut that is given to those who are interested in foreign direct investment in Germany. However, Anna’s Car first would have to invest a lot of money in opening up factories and sales offices and dedicate a significant amount of time before the business is established in that country. The good news is that Germany has a welcoming attitude towards foreign companies that are interested in direct investment. The German market is open for investments in practically every industry sector, especially in the auto manufacturing industry. According to the Trade Invest â€Å"German law makes no distinction between Germans and foreign nationals regarding investments or the establishment of companies. The legal framework for FDI in Germany â€Å"favors the principle of freedom of foreign trade and payment† (FDI, 2010). In fact, there are more and more international companies that discover Germany due to its security and rewarding investment location. The UNCTAD World Investment Prospects Survey 2009-2011 confirms Germanys reputation as one of the most attractive business locations in continental Europe. Germany ranks second within the EU-15, and seventh internationally in the â€Å"most attractive business locations in the relevant regions 2008-2010 categoryâ€Å"(American Chamber of Commerce, 2010). The Trade Invest explains that study on the attractiveness of the European economic area (2010) also shows that Germany is the number one business location in Europe and even the number five worldwide. Based on this, it will be very advantageous for Anna’s Car to do business in Germany. Franchising Anna’s Car is evaluating an option of buying a franchise of Toyota, Nissan, or Suzuki in Japan. That way there will be less chance of failure in case something goes wrong as Anna’s Car would be buying an established business that has been very successful. Statistics show that â€Å"franchises stand a much better chance of success than people who start independent businesses; independent businesses stand a 70 to 80 percent chance of NOT surviving the first few critical years while franchisees have an 80 percent chance of surviving† (Coltman, 2009). Also, Anna’s Car would receive a lot of help with starting the business and running it afterwards which would be necessary as the company will be performing operations in a foreign country hat has different rules, culture as well as language. Anna’s Car would get all the equipment, supplies and instruction or training needed to start the business. If the negotiations go well, the company would be also able to receive ongoing training or help with management and marketing (for instance, parent company’s national marketing campaigns). Supplies and inventory will cost less than if Anna’s Car was running an independent company. The research shows that â€Å"franchising in Japan has shown a steady growth: the franchising system has been recognized by the Japanese society as a tool of innovation and development for the economy of the country† (Info Franchise, 2007). Starting franchising in Japan may be quite easy as the franchising system is not as regulated – there is no need to get license and register or file a document to become a franchisor. However, in spite of such freedom, Anna’s Car will need to be aware of the Medium-Small Retail Business Promotion Act that enforces some regulations, specifically the tax provisions. Furthermore, Anna’s Car will be able to count on the Japan Franchise Association (JFA) that consists of leading Japanese franchisors and companies which are interested in franchising and whose purpose is to provide help and support to every entrepreneur that wants to start franchising in that country. Joint Venture Another option of entering the Japanese market can be a joint venture in which partners share ownership of a newly created business. The advantages of such entry market for Anna’s Car would be using the ownership’s experience about new market environment, speed, sharing of resources, high profits, and leverage. The joint venture would also enable partners to combine their strengths so they can be more successful in business. However, there are some risks that need to be taken into account too. For example, joint venture partners share not only the rewards but also any losses or there may be a potential conflict between partners which most of the time arise out of cultural differences. The main thing for Anna’s Car before entering into a joint venture will be ensuring that its interests are properly reflected in the joint venture agreement (management responsibilities, shareholder rights, and exit strategies in case one of the partner decides to leave) and that this agreement will be enforceable under Japanese law. Conclusions Anna’s Car has a great potential of becoming very successful in Germany and Japan, especially in times when protecting the environment has become so important in almost every country in the world. The company needs to decide which market entry method is the most suitable for it by firstly evaluating its overall strategy, current resources as well as competitive advantage. Since different regions offer different advantages as well as obstacles, Anna’s Car needs to be able to adapt and acclimatize in those two countries. Also, following the specific rules of entering a foreign country will be crucial in making sure that the company doesn’t get in trouble with the law.

Explain What Qualities You Think a Best Friend Should Have and Explain Giving Examples Why You Think This Essay Example

Explain What Qualities You Think a Best Friend Should Have and Explain Giving Examples Why You Think This Essay Example Explain What Qualities You Think a Best Friend Should Have and Explain Giving Examples Why You Think This Essay Explain What Qualities You Think a Best Friend Should Have and Explain Giving Examples Why You Think This Essay Many people will walk in and out of your life, but only true friends will leave footprints in your heart. ? Anon I think this is a very good definition of a best friend, But the quality makes a true friend. Best friends don’t have to be best in study or work, but he or she have to be best in their morality or in another word quality. First of all I think the honest of a friend is the most important quality a best friend should have, if a friend will lie to you, there will be no trust between you and her, and we all know the friendship is base on trust and true. Just imagine if your best friend is not honest, so she always tell you the things is not true, for example in a business she knows this plan will make you fail and loss a lot of money, but she still tell you this is a perfect plan and you listen to her, it will not only hurt yourself but also hurt a lot of people who is helping you, it might break the trust of you company. And because of this failure your future is possibly going to change, and your confidents will decrese . Secondly I think a friend have to be good at listen to your voice but not only talk and care about herself in another word selfish. Think if there is a friend you just care about herself you help her a lot but she don’t know to do anything for you or even think I should listen to her opinion or problems, how terrible is that. My teacher told me listen is the best beauty in the world, so if your friend knows this best beauty she must be one of the best of your best friend. Fr. Jerome Cummings said Friend is one who knows us, but loves us anyway. So a friend need to be generous to you this not means she will always give you gift or gives you benefit all the time but it means she will pardon you when you make mistake and help you to correct your mistake, taking you out from the bad situation. Never tease you and laughing at you. This is what I think a best friend should have.

Key Characteristics of Effective Leadership in Practice Essay

Key Characteristics of Effective Leadership in Practice - Essay Example A leader is an individual with the major influence in a group, whose role is to get others to achieve organizational goals. But 'leadership' like many other key concepts in management, tends to be viewed differently; depending on whether the orientation is behavioral, economic, or managerial. Ordway Tead has defined leadership as "the activity of influencing people to co-operate towards some goal which they come to find desirable" (Anon., 1999). According to George R. Terry, "leadership is the activity of influencing people to strive willingly for group objectives". Robert Tannenbaum defines the leadership as "interpersonal influence exercised in a situation and directed, through the communication process, toward the attainment of a specialized goal or goals" and Koontz and O'Donnell state that "leadership is influencing people to follow in the achievement of a specialized goal" (Harold Koontz, 1959). A review of these and other writers reveals that most management writers agree that leadership is the process of providing direction in group activities and influencing others to achieve group objectives in a given situation. From this definition of leadership, it follows that the leadership process is a function of the leader, the follower, and other situational variables i.e. L= f (i,f,s) (Hersey, 2010) Although influencing others for attaining group goals is the essential function of a leader, some of the important elements which can make the process of leading effectively is that firstly, one who leads is a part of the group, and yet he must maintain his separate identity if he is to continue to lead. Secondly, leadership contemplates interpersonal influence and close man-to-man relationship. It is rooted in feelings and attitudes that have grown out of reactions of individual personalities to each other. Thirdly, it is a dynamic and ever-evolving process; a manager must lead continuously. Finally, it involves directing, guiding and influencing the behavior of individuals and groups so that future actions and behavior are modified in the right direction. These four elements lie at the heart of a strategic leadership process where a manager is a leader directs, guides and influences the behavior of the employees keeping in mind the present and future business strategies of the organization and modifying and directing the employee behavior/performance in the right direction through the right means. This assumption would imply that for an effective leadership process it is crucial that a leader must be in a position to understand and evaluate the strategic intent of the firm and a leader must have the personality and attitudinal qualities in order to lead. As stated earlier that for an effective leadership process a leader must be knowledgeable so that he can evaluate the business strategy and direct the performance of the employees, it becomes the central reason to understand why managers can make good leaders (Senge, 1990).  

Lingustics, Education, Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Lingustics, Education, Psychology - Essay Example In fact, it can be said that child starts learning right from the womb where they have been acutely active listeners where they learned to recognize the speech patterns, tunes and tones of the languages especially of the mother and other people in the home (The National Literacy Trust, 2007). Though most children begin to vocalize and gradually verbalize at different ages and at different rates, the first language acquisition generally happens without much conscious instruction from parents or caretakers. The complexity and difficulty increases with increase in age (Wikipedia, 2007). In education and psychology, learning theories aid in understanding the process of learning which is also applicable to language development. There are basically three main perspectives in learning theories, constructivism, cognitivism and behaviorism. Constructivism views learning as a process in which the learner actively constructs or builds new ideas or concepts based upon current and past knowledge. In other words, "learning involves constructing one's own knowledge from one's own experiences". Constructivist learning, is, therefore, a very personal effort, whereby internalized concepts, rules, and general principles may reasonably be applied in a practical real-world context. Behaviourism is another educational theory based on the works of B. F. Skinner and Ivan Pavlov. According to the behaviorists believe, organisms need reinforcements to keep them interested and that the use of stimuli can be very effective in controlling behavior.

Litmus Milk Procedural Essay Example for Free

Litmus Milk Procedural Essay Litmus milk is a complex medium that can potentially distinguish many species of bacteria. Litmus milk has several components that can be metabolized: lactose (milk sugar); casein (milk protein); and litmus (a pH indicator). If lactose is fermented, the solution should turn pink. If gas is produced during fermentation, you may be able to see bubbles or cracks in the milky medium. If lactose is not fermented and proteins are metabolized instead, the solution will become alkaline and turn blue in color. If casein is digested, the milk will coagulate to form a curd (a solid). Casein may be metabolized all the way down to individual amino acids. This process, called peptonization, results in a clear (not milky) liquid that is usually brown in color. Finally, the litmus may be reduced and become colorless. The culture will then look milk white. Materials: 1. Litmus Milk Broth 2. Bunsen Burner 3. Inoculation Loop 4. Nutrient slant 5. Goggles 6. Lab Coat 7. Incubator Procedure: 1. Get an Inoculation loop and sterilize it using the Bunsen burner. 2. Take bacteria from your nutrient slant on inoculation loop 3. Inoculate a litmus milk tube with the bacteria. 4. Incubate for 72 hours; observe results every 24 hours for 3 days.

The International Whaling Regime Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Ess

The International Whaling Regime In his article, â€Å"Whale Mining, Whale Saving,† Sidney Holt states, â€Å"saving the whales is for millions of people a crucial test of their political ability to halt environmental destruction†(Holt 1985). In a world where environmental issues are often so vast that solving them seems impossible, it is rare to encounter a regime which successfully addresses these problems. If we judge a regime’s effectiveness by its ability to change the behavior of its members and possibly even encourage others to join, then the whaling regime was in fact quite effective. The significant decrease in commercial whaling brought about by the International Whaling Commission (IWC)’s 1982 moratorium is proof in itself of the whaling regime’s effectiveness. That being said, the history of the regime has not been without imperfections, and these shortcomings will continue to shape the successes and failures of the whaling regime in the future. While the peak of whaling in recorded history occurred in the 1930s where close to 55,000 whales were caught each year, whaling has been practiced by people for centuries and was unregulated for most of that time period (Andresen 2000). However, in 1946, the Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (composed of 15 nations including the U.S.) met and created the International Whaling Commission in order to address the problem of declining whale stocks. An increase in commercial whaling as well as introduction of â€Å"factory ships† which allowed whalers to travel far out to sea, catch whales (pelagic fishing), and process them on the boat without going back to shore had begun to put a strain on population numbers of certain whale species. (Fletcher 2001). Thus, the IWC was primarily c... ... Aron, William, W. Burke, M. Freeman. 2000. â€Å"The Whaling Issue.† Marine Policy. 24: 179-191. Fletcher, Kristen M. â€Å"The International Whaling Regime and U.S. Foreign Policy.† In The Environment, International Relations, and U.S. Foreign Policy. Washington, D.C.: Georgetown University Press, 2001. Greenpeace: Whaling. 2000. http://whales.greenpeace.org/whaling. Accessed 5/9/04. Institute of Cetacean Research. 2002. http://www.icrwhale.org/eng-index.htm. Accessed 5/9/04. Holt, Sidney J.. 2003. â€Å"Is the IWC Finished as an Instrument for the Conservation of Whales?† Marine Pollution Bulletin 46: 924-926. Holt, Sidney J.. 2000. â€Å"The Whaling Controversy.† Fisheries Research 54: 145-151. Holt, Sidney J.. 1985. â€Å"Whale Mining, Whale Saving.† Marine Policy 4: 192-214. O’Connell, Kate. July 2002. â€Å"The 2002 IWC Annual Meeting.† Whales Alive! 11(3).

Stylistic Analysis : “a Cup of Tea” by K.Mansfield

Written by ASUMAN BIRDAL STYLISTIC ANALYSIS : â€Å"A CUP OF TEA† by K. Mansfield The common view that a literary text is likely to be comprehended better if it is studied in parallel with stylistic analysis which emphasizes the crucial role of the linguistic features of the text contributes much to the development of literary criticism. M. A. K. Halliday is one of the text linguists who sees ‘grammar’ as a network of systems of relationships which account for all the semantically relevant choices in language, which is the standpoint of the stylistic analysis as well. In the light of M. A. K. Halliday’s discipline, I will try to analyse a piece of literary text written by Katherina Mansfield in the format of a short story titled â€Å"A CUP OF TEA† and try to criticise the text objectively in relation to its grammatical (functional) features . Before this , I’d like to give a brief information about the content of the story. A. INFORMATION ABOUT THE STORY Scanning the story first, we come across with a rich couple named Rosemary and Philip leading an untroubled, desirable life and they seem to love each other since- we have no implication whether they love each other for money or not – and everything goes well in their lives. Rosemary spends money without getting into trouble and giving no reason or excuse to her husband in doing this. Everyone in a society admires Rosemary not maybe for her beauty but for her remarkable features such as being interested in current movements from every aspects, seeming as an intelligent young woman, reading the modern books. Philip is not as bright as Rosemary but he makes himself realize as soon as he enters the story towards the end. Apart from the couple, there is a girl who meets Rosemary in a street by asking for money to have a cup of tea then is picked up by her to have a cup of tea at her home and begins to be directed by her. We infer this from the fact that whenever Rosemary wants her to enter the scene she is there but when, at the last scene, Rosemary is jealous of her, the girl is easily disappearad without giving no sign for us to follow the reason of her disappearance. And we have one more character having a part in the story :the shopman. He is also under the effect of Rosemary; we can understand this from his polite behaviours which are made obvious in the text with circumstantial features. But he is the person also who utilizes by the weakness of her. He tries to draw her attraction on the enamel box and succeeds it; he promises her to keep the box for her because he knows her and he knows that she will come to buy it; she has the power of money and gets whatever she desires without acconting for anything to anybody. Not only we encounter with her weakness in her dialogue with the shopman but also in her being jealous of Miss Smith when he utters lovely words for this girl and behaves as it is predicted by Philip who knows directing her and makes her behave as he desires taking advantage of her faulty character successfully. In that sense Philip is an intelligent man and effective on Rosemary who is also obviously the symbol of possessive female by being jealous of the girl she has met in the street; so she has no self-confidence ,she is a little bit credulous. She asks directly-having no hidden meaning in her words- ‘Am I PRETTY? ’, which ironically reveals her ex-behaviours to Philip even she supposes that Philip is not aware of the truth. B. ANALYSIS When we look at the story from the point of ‘transitivity functions’ included in the stylistic analysis which tell us about the language and its reflection on processes ,participants ,circumstantial functions we realize that main participant is ‘ Rosemary’ and most of the processes are acted by her. When we count all the sentences describing her or the ones in which she takes place we realize her dominancy at once. The other participants I’d like to analyse on this text -apart from ‘Rosemary’- are the girl,Miss Smith, and Philip. Even though Philip hasn’t got as many turns as Rosemary and Miss Smith, I’d like to examine the processes of him in order to display the currents of events as a whole- he is the efficient figure in the sequences of events in the story-; in other words it is vital to handle it here to maintain the entirety of the text. To do this I will follow M. A. K. Halliday’s process in which ‘Ideational’, ‘Interpersonal’, ‘Textual’ Functions of language are daelt with in order to support all my commentations on Katherine Mansfield’s work.